Schwangerschaftsrelevante Infektionen

Klinische Bedeutung

Unter der Bezeichnung TORCH werden Infektionserreger zusammengefasst, die im Mutterleib, beim Geburtsvorgang oder nach der Geburt im Rahmen einer vertikalen Infektion von der Mutter auf das Kind übertragen werden konnen. Hierzu zählen Toxoplasma gondii, Röteln-Viren, CMV, Herpes-simplex-Viren (HSV) sowie weitere Erreger, wie z. B. Chlamydia trachomatis, Parvoviren B19, Treponema pallidum und VZV. Vor allem Primarinfektionen wahrend der Schwangerschaft sind gefürchtet, da sie mit einem erhohten Risiko der Schädigung des Kindes einhergehen.

Diagnostik

Die Bestimmungen von Antikörpern gegen TORCH-Parameter sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil von prä-, peri- und postnatalen Vorsorgeuntersuchungen. Sie erlauben eine Abschätzung des Immunstatus der Mutter und von Risiken für eine bestehende Schwangerschaft. TORCH-Untersuchungen werden hauptsächlich im ersten Schwangerschaftstrimester durchgeführt, bei Infektionsverdacht können jedoch auch Neugeborene getestet werden. Ziel der initialen Bestimmung von Antikörpern gegen TORCH-Pathogene ist die Abklärung des Immunstatus der Mutter, um während der Schwangerschaft eine Unterscheidung zwischen akuten Primärinfektionen und vergangenen Infektionen bzw. Reaktivierungen zu ermöglichen. Bei frühzeitiger Diagnose können TORCH-Infektionen z. T. wirksam behandelt und dadurch Risiken von Geburtsfehlern bzw. eines Verlusts des Fötus reduziert werden.

Nachweismethoden

Methode
Parameter
Substrat
Spezies
IIFT
Treponema pallidum
(FTA-ABS)
bacterial
smear
verification BIOCHIP
(2 BIOCHIPs per field)
T. pallidum
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgG, human, 50x concentrated
for Treponema pallidum
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgM, human, 50x concentrated
for Treponema pallidum
WESTERNBLOT
Treponema pallidum
Westernblot
WESTERNBLOT
antibodies against Treponema pallidum
IgG positive control
WESTERNBLOT
antibodies against Treponema pallidum
IgM positive control
ELISA
Treponema pallidum
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Treponema pallidum
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Treponema pallidum
Screen ELISA
antigen-coated
microplate wells
EUROLINE
Treponema pallidum
(TpN15, TpN17, TmpA, TpN47 separately)
EUROLINE
WESTERNBLOT
EUROLINE-WB
Treponema pallidum
plus cardiolipin
Westernblot
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-Treponema pallidum (IgG)
ELISA
Treponema pallidum
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Treponema pallidum
(FTA-ABS)
bacterial
smears
verification BIOCHIP
(3 BIOCHIPs per field)
T. pallidum
T. phagedenis
ELISA
Chlamydia trachomatis
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Chlamydia trachomatis
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Chlamydia trachomatis
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Anti-Chlamydia MIF
Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Chlamydia psittaci
4 BIOCHIPs per field:
elementary bodies
and non-infected cells

EU 40
EU 40
EU 40
IIFT
Anti-Chlamydia MIF EUROPattern
Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Chlamydia psittaci
4 BIOCHIPs per field:
elementary bodies
and non-infected cells

EU 40
EU 40
EU 40
IIFT
Chlamydia trachomatis
elementary bodies (MIF)
non-infected cells
(2 BIOCHIPs per field)
EU 40
EU 40
ChLIA
IDS TOXO Control Set

1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS TOXO IgG


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS TOXO IgM


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Toxoplasma
gondii
protozoan
smear
Toxoplasma
gondii
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii Screen
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Toxoplasma gondii
EUROPattern
Protozoa-
smear
Toxoplasma
gondii
ChLIA
IDS TOXO Avidity Control Set

1
3 x 1.0mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS TOXO IgG Avidity


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii
avidity determination
antigen-coated
microplate wells
EUROLINE
"TO.R.C.H. 10"
(Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, CMV,
HSV-1, HSV-2, Bordetella pertussis, Chlamydia trachomatis,
Parvovirus B19, Treponema pallidum, VZV separately)
EUROLINE
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgG, human, 50x concentrated
for TO.R.C.H. Profile
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgM, human, 50x concentrated
for TO.R.C.H. Profile
EUROLINE
"TO.R.C.H. Profile"
(Toxoplasma gondii, ROP1, Rubella virus,
CMV, HSV-1, HSV-2 separately)
EUROLINE
EUROLINE
"TO.R.C.H. Profile"
(Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus,
CMV, HSV-1, HSV-2 separately)
EUROLINE
ELISA
Toxoplasma gondii
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-Toxoplasma gondii (IgG)
PCR
EURORealTime HSV-1/2
EUROArray
EUROArray HSV1/2 VZV
WESTERNBLOT
antibodies against Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
IgG positive control
ChLIA
Anti-Herpes simplex virus 1 ChLIA (IgG)
Antigen-coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
Control set Anti-Herpes simplex virus 1 ChLIA (IgG)
2 x 0.5 ml control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS HSV 1/2 IgM Control Set
1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS HSV 1/2 IgM

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-HSV-1/2 Pool (IgG)
WESTERNBLOT
EUROLINE-WB
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)
plus HSV-2 type-specific
glycoprotein G2
Westernblot
ELISA
Herpes simplex virus
(HSV-1/2 Pool)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Herpes simplex virus
(HSV-1/2 Pool)
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Herpes simplex virus
(HSV-1/2 Pool)
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS HSV-1 IgG

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Herpes simplex virus 1
(HSV-1)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
Anti-Herpes simplex virus 2 ChLIA (IgG)
Antigen-coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
Control set Anti-Herpes simplex virus 2 ChLIA (IgG)
2 x 0.5 ml control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS HSV-2 IgG

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Herpes simplex virus 2
(HSV-2)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS HSV 1/2 IgG Control Set
1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS CMV Control Set

1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS CMV IgG


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS CMV IgM


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgG, human, 50x concentrated
for CMV
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgM, human, 50x concentrated
for CMV
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus
(CMV)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
EUROLINE
EUROLINE Cytomegalovirus
(CMV)
(gpB, p150, p65, p52, CMV lysate separately)
EUROLINE
EUROLINE
EUROLINE Cytomegalovirus
(CMV)
( p150, p65, p52, CMV lysate separately)
EUROLINE
ChLIA
IDS CMV Avidity Control Set

1
3 x 1.0mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS CMV IgG Avidity


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
avidity determination
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) p52
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus
(CMV) gB
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-Cytomegalovirus (IgG)
ELISA
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS Parvovirus B19 Control Set
1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS Parvovirus B19 IgG

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS Parvovirus B19 IgM

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgG, human, 50x concentrated
for parvovirus
EUROLINE
positive control serum: IgM, human, 50x concentrated
for parvovirus
ELISA
Parvovirus
B19
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Parvovirus B19
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
EUROLINE
Parvovirus B19
(VP1, VLP, VP2, NS1 separately)
EUROLINE
ChLIA
IDS Rubella Control Set

1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS Rubella IgG


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS Rubella IgM


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
WESTERNBLOT
Rubella virus
Westernblot
ELISA
Rubella virus
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS Rubella Avidity Control Set


1
3 x 1.0mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS Rubella IgG Avidity


1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Rubella virus
avidity determination
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Rubella virus glycoprotein
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-Rubella virus (IgG)
ELISA
Rubella virus
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS VZV IgG

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS VZV IgM

1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus
(VZV)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Varicella zoster virus
(VZV)
infected cells
EU 168
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus
(VZV)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
avidity determination
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
CSQ pair of controls
anti-VZV (IgG)
ELISA
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
antibody determination in CSF
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Zika virus (ZIKV)
infected and non-
infected cells
(2 BIOCHIPs per field)
EU 14
IIFT
Zika virus (ZIKV) EUROPattern
infected and non-
infected cells
(2 BIOCHIPs per field)
EU 14
ELISA
Zika virus (ZIKV)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Zika virus (ZIKV)
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Zika virus (ZIKV)
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
Zika virus (ZIKV)
incl. IgG/RF absorbent
antigen-coated
microplate wells
IIFT
Arbovirus Fever Mosaic 2
Zika virus (ZIKV)
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
Dengue virus types 1 - 4 (DENV)
6 BIOCHIPs per field:
infected cells
infected cells
infected cells

EU 14
EU 14
EU 14
IIFT
Arbovirus Fever Mosaic 2 EUROPattern
Zika virus (ZIKV)
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
Dengue virus types 1 - 4 (DENV)
6 BIOCHIPs per field:
infected cells
infected cells
infected cells

EU 14
EU 14
EU 14
IIFT
Arbovirus Profile 3
upper row :
Zika virus (ZIKV)
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
Dengue virus types 1 - 4 (DENV)
bottom row:
TBE virus (TBEV)
West Nile virus (WNV)
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)
Yellow fever virus (YFV)


infected cells
infected cells
infected cells

infected cells
infected cells
infected cells
infected cells


EU 14
EU 14
EU 14

EU 14
EU 14
EU 14
EU 14
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